Origin Stories: Founders and Firsts: Multiple Choice

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01Who was the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, a major Islamic state in West Africa during the 19th century?
02Which critic and author coined the term 'Theater of the Absurd' to categorize certain post-war European playwrights?
03Who was a key founder of the Royal Geographical Society in London in 1830?
04Which playwright is considered the founder of the Comédie-Française, France's oldest active state theatre company?
05Which Indian ophthalmologist founded the Aravind Eye Care System, a model for high-volume, low-cost eye surgery?
06Who founded the Slow Food movement in Italy in the 1980s as a response to the rise of fast food?
07Which architect and designer founded the influential Bauhaus school in Weimar, Germany?
08Who was the founder of the Safavid dynasty, which established Twelver Shia Islam as the official religion of Persia?
09Who founded the Mauryan Empire in 322 BCE, the first dynasty to unify most of the Indian subcontinent?
10Who created the constructed international auxiliary language known as Esperanto?
11Who was a primary co-founder of the humanitarian organization Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders)?
12Who designed and built the first practical reflecting telescope, now known as the Newtonian telescope?
13Who, as Governor-General of the Dutch East India Company, founded the city of Batavia on the ruins of Jayakarta in 1619?
14Who founded Kodokan Judo, formalizing the modern Japanese martial art from various schools of jujutsu?
15Who invented the modern pentathlon for the Olympic Games, modeling it on the skills of a 19th-century cavalry soldier?
16Who first synthesized nitroglycerin, the highly unstable explosive compound that became the key ingredient in dynamite?
17Who is credited with inventing the process of vulcanization, which makes rubber more durable?
18Who founded the Achaemenid Empire, also known as the first Persian Empire?
19Who invented the cloud chamber, an apparatus for visualizing the paths of ionizing radiation?
20Which film critic and theorist was a co-founder of the influential French film journal Cahiers du Cinéma?