Every sovereign country has at least one capital — a city that hosts the government, embassies, and the official seat of state power. Across all 197 UN-member states, the capitals reveal patterns: colonial-era planners loved the inland alternative-to-the-port (Brasília, Canberra, Islamabad, Abuja), constitutional documents sometimes split the role (Bolivia's Sucre + La Paz, South Africa's Pretoria + Cape Town + Bloemfontein, Sri Lanka's Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte + Colombo), and a handful share a name with their country (Mexico City, Kuwait City, San Marino, Singapore, Djibouti, Monaco). The smallest capital by population is Ngerulmud in Palau (~270 residents); the largest is Tokyo's metropolitan area (~37 million).

This hub ships in four modes covering all 197 states: type the capital from the country name (type-in), pick the capital from four options (multiple choice), sort capital names from country names + distractors in tile rounds, or match countries to their capitals across ten regional rounds. Every mode counts toward your topic mastery.

The hardest capitals tend to be in central Asia (Bishkek, Dushanbe, Ashgabat, Tashkent — all look similar at a glance), the Pacific micronations (Palikir, Ngerulmud, Funafuti, Yaren), and the African countries with mid-century relocations (Abuja over Lagos, Yamoussoukro over Abidjan, Dodoma over Dar es Salaam). The easiest are the world capitals you've heard in the news weekly — Washington, London, Paris, Beijing, Tokyo, Moscow, Berlin.