Basic Biology: Cells, Genes, and Organisms: Multiple Choice

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01The process of converting the genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA) into a protein is called what?
02What is the term for a specific version or variation of a gene?
03Plants use which process to convert light energy into chemical energy, creating food?
04In eukaryotic cells, where is the genetic material (DNA) primarily located?
05What is the scientific system for naming, defining, and classifying groups of biological organisms?
06To which kingdom of life do mushrooms, yeasts, and molds belong?
07What is the largest phylum in the animal kingdom, characterized by an exoskeleton and jointed appendages?
08Often called the 'powerhouse of the cell,' which organelle is responsible for generating most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
09What is the name of the process by which a cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells?
10Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in RNA but NOT in DNA?
11Which of these is the defining characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
12Which Austrian monk is known as the 'Father of Modern Genetics' for his work with pea plants?