Stellar Evolution and Star Types: Multiple Choice

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01What is the dense, hot stellar core remnant left behind after a low-mass star has exhausted its nuclear fuel?
02What is the glowing, expanding shell of gas ejected from an old red giant star in its final stages of evolution called?
03Our own Sun is classified as what type of main-sequence star?
04In the spectral classification system (O, B, A, F, G, K, M), which letter represents the hottest and most massive stars?
05Stars on the main sequence, like our Sun, generate energy primarily by fusing which element in their core?
06The core collapse of the most massive stars can result in the formation of an object with gravity so strong that not even light can escape. What is this object called?
07What is the extremely dense remnant of a massive star's supernova, composed almost entirely of neutrons?
08On a standard Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, what property of a star is plotted on the vertical (y) axis?
09After a Sun-like star exhausts the hydrogen fuel in its core, it expands and cools to become what type of star?
10What is the name for a substellar object that is too low in mass to sustain hydrogen fusion in its core, often called a 'failed star'?
11What is the term for the spectacular and powerful explosion that occurs at the end of a massive star's life?
12What are the vast clouds of interstellar gas and dust where stars are born commonly called?